Goal and Background:
This project aims to show that I know the difference between geographic projected coordinate systems and that I am able to apply this knowledge to GIS data that has had some or all of this information removed from it. Furthermore this project aims to show that I am able to identify projection error in GIS data and project or reproject the data appropriately so that it might be usable in GIS.
Methods:
Part 1: Creating the World Projections
Section 1:
To create the first projection of the world map I added shapefiles containing the global countries and a grid. I then set the coordinate system of the data frame to WGS 1984.
Section 2:
I then added data frames and placed the same shapefiles within them. In the end I had five data frames with the coordinate systems: WGS 1984, Mercator Projection, Sinusoidal projection, Equidistant-Conic projection, and Robinson projection.
Part 2: Creating the Wisconsin and United States Projections
Section 1:
To make the projection of the Wisconsin map seen in Figure 1, I insert a new data frame and added a shapefile that contained the states of the United States. I then selected Wisconsin and made a layer from that selection and saved it as its own shapefile. I then changed the projection of this shapefile to UTM, NAD 1983, Zone 16N.
Section 2:
To make the projection of the United States found in Figure 1, I created a new data frame and added a shapefile containing the states and a shapefile containing state roads. I changed the projection of the roads shapefile to match that of the states shapefile. I then used the Project tool in Arc Toolbox setting the input to the roads shapefile and imported the states shapefile to be the output. Finally, I changed the projection of the data frame to North American Lambert Conic.
Part 3: Creating the Projection of Wisconsin Counties and Rivers
First, I added the shapefile that contain the central Wisconsin counties. This shapefile did not have a projection or coordinate system. Based on the metadata provided, I gave it the geographic coordinate system GCS North American 1983 and the projection of North America Equidistant Conic. I then added a shapefile containing the rivers in those counties. This shapefile had a different projection than that of the county shapefile. I used the project tool to match the rivers shapefile projection to that of the counties.
Results:
Figure 1. The first five maps display the world shown in different projection possibilities which were changed through the properties window of the data frame. The bottom left map displays a Wisconsin shape file made from a selection from an United States map with the projection changed to a Transverse Mercator projection again using the data frame properties window. The bottom right map displays a map with cohesive projections created from data with different projections originally. The changes were made using the Project tool in the ArcToolbox.
Figure 2. This map displays the rivers and counties of central Wisconsin produced from data that originally did not have projections or projections that match. The shapefile was first given a coordinate system and projection based on the metadata and the rivers shapefile was then added. This shapfile's projection was then changed using the ArcToolbox to match the county shapefile.
Sources: Mastering ArcGIS by Maribeth Price.
This project aims to show that I know the difference between geographic projected coordinate systems and that I am able to apply this knowledge to GIS data that has had some or all of this information removed from it. Furthermore this project aims to show that I am able to identify projection error in GIS data and project or reproject the data appropriately so that it might be usable in GIS.
Methods:
Part 1: Creating the World Projections
Section 1:
To create the first projection of the world map I added shapefiles containing the global countries and a grid. I then set the coordinate system of the data frame to WGS 1984.
Section 2:
I then added data frames and placed the same shapefiles within them. In the end I had five data frames with the coordinate systems: WGS 1984, Mercator Projection, Sinusoidal projection, Equidistant-Conic projection, and Robinson projection.
Part 2: Creating the Wisconsin and United States Projections
Section 1:
To make the projection of the Wisconsin map seen in Figure 1, I insert a new data frame and added a shapefile that contained the states of the United States. I then selected Wisconsin and made a layer from that selection and saved it as its own shapefile. I then changed the projection of this shapefile to UTM, NAD 1983, Zone 16N.
Section 2:
To make the projection of the United States found in Figure 1, I created a new data frame and added a shapefile containing the states and a shapefile containing state roads. I changed the projection of the roads shapefile to match that of the states shapefile. I then used the Project tool in Arc Toolbox setting the input to the roads shapefile and imported the states shapefile to be the output. Finally, I changed the projection of the data frame to North American Lambert Conic.
Part 3: Creating the Projection of Wisconsin Counties and Rivers
First, I added the shapefile that contain the central Wisconsin counties. This shapefile did not have a projection or coordinate system. Based on the metadata provided, I gave it the geographic coordinate system GCS North American 1983 and the projection of North America Equidistant Conic. I then added a shapefile containing the rivers in those counties. This shapefile had a different projection than that of the county shapefile. I used the project tool to match the rivers shapefile projection to that of the counties.
Results:
Figure 1. The first five maps display the world shown in different projection possibilities which were changed through the properties window of the data frame. The bottom left map displays a Wisconsin shape file made from a selection from an United States map with the projection changed to a Transverse Mercator projection again using the data frame properties window. The bottom right map displays a map with cohesive projections created from data with different projections originally. The changes were made using the Project tool in the ArcToolbox.
Figure 2. This map displays the rivers and counties of central Wisconsin produced from data that originally did not have projections or projections that match. The shapefile was first given a coordinate system and projection based on the metadata and the rivers shapefile was then added. This shapfile's projection was then changed using the ArcToolbox to match the county shapefile.
Sources: Mastering ArcGIS by Maribeth Price.
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